Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora

  • Dates
    2017 - Ongoing
  • Author
  • Location New York, United States

During 1944, thousands of Estonian families escaped by sea from the invading Russian Army. My photographic project is recording the memories the 'children' of these families have today, almost 80 years later.

Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora

During 1944, thousands of Estonians escaped by sea from the invading Russian Army. My uncle and mother were 7 and 5 years old when they were smuggled with their mother onto the boat Juhan, which made 9 journeys from Tallinn to Stockholm that year. My grandfather followed a few weeks later in a small rowing boat. Growing up, I heard this story from an adult point of view, but always wondered what it was like for the children. My project is finding these ‘children’ and hearing their stories.

These ‘children’ are now in their 80’s and 90’s but all of them have some sort of memory of the escape. To this day, my mum can’t stand the smell of engine-oil as she was hiding in a tool box. My uncle remembers the soft white bread and hot milk they were served as they arrived in Sweden. And this is what I am most interested in when pursuing this project. What memories do these 'children' have of the escape? I want to find as many of them as I can before it is too late and hear their stories - all so different, yet similar. I make portraits of them (siblings together if possible), but I also photograph an object  – often something they brought with them from Estonia or something else kept from that time. This project feels so poignant as there are so many refugees fleeing across waters all over the globe today. I want to go wherever I can find them and there are so many places I haven't yet been – Australia, Brazil, Argentina to name but a few – since I can't easily fund the travel there. With the 80th anniversary of the mass-flight coming up next year and these 'children' not getting any younger, I am feeling the urgency to get this project done stronger than ever.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Ilme Spann and Jüri Sonn 5 and 7 years old. Ilme remembers the strong smell of engine-oil from the tool box she hid inside. Juri remembers the soft white bread and hot milk they were served as they arrived in Sweden.Ilme and Jüri’s father’s wallet.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Juhan Parts7 years old. Juhan and his mum boarded the hospital ship Moero. It was bombed by the Russian army. Juhan remembers sliding across the deck of the ship. His mother didn’t make it. A photo of Juhan and his mum a few years before the escape.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Mai Malmström5 years old. Remembers seeing her grandmother waving on the porch with the family dogs as they drove off from the house.Mai’s father was a forester and also a handy craftsman, and made her this hammer when she was 3 years old.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Mai Aedma and Aino Lund14 and 19 years old. Mai remembers feeling embarrassed as there was no roof on the washrooms - there was no privacy when in the bathroom. Aino doesn't want to remember anything.Their sister Vaike, who died of meningitis at 14.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Evi Vink13 years old. Evi left her home with her parents and younger brother on a lorry. She remembers being so relieved and thinking “Thank God we couldn’t bring the piano!” as she hated practising.Evi’s pencil case from school in Estonia.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Heino Wänt 4 years old. Remembers walking up a long hill in Latvia to bury his baby brother who died on their first attempt to escape.Swedish-Estonian, Estonian-Swedish dictionary for farm laborers handed to Heino’s father on arrival in Sweden.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Irina Schnickwald5 years old. Irina remembers seeing her aunt running along the Pärnu riverbank, waving goodbye with a big towel.A photo album from when Irina was a baby.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Rein Lepik3 years old. Remembers sitting on the floor of the boat feeling seasick.Magnet for the ignition of the family’s boat, which Rein’s father removed, so the Russians wouldn’t be able to start the engine as they confiscated all Estonian boats.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Jaak Kutti6 years old. Jaak remembers his father pointing at the view from Toompea Castle in Tallinn: ‘Look carefully at this view. It’s quite likely we’ll never see it again…’A crystal vase that the family brought with them.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Gunnar Reiman15 years old. Gunnar remembers a torpedo ricocheting off the water, bouncing straight through the funnel of the ship next to theirs without exploding. The rug Gunnar’s family brought with them, which served as their bed on the journey.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Maimu Goundar5 years old. Maimu left on a merchant ship and remembers the gangplank made from boards tied together with rope, that made her feel scared as she climbed aboard holding her mother’s hand. A small tin that Maimu loved to play with.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Tarmo Oja9 years old. Tarmo remembers feeling seasick on the boat. When they arrived in Sweden he was given hot chocolate in big mugs.The book Tarmo was reading when they left and he couldn’t leave it behind as he wanted to find out how it ended.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Mare Valgemäe 8 years old. Mare remembers being fascinated by the frenzy when the imprisoned Russian soldiers on the ship were given food through a hatch. “They were so mean to each other!” Mare’s mother’s teaching certificate from Estonia.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Virve Vaher12 years old. Virve remembers making up beds with blankets and sheets on the floor of the ship, surrounded by suitcases. Virve’s parents managed to bring the family cutlery, made in their hometown of Tartu.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Rein Raukas, Helga Nõu and Arvo Raukas4, 10 and 7 years old. Rein remembers looking up at a hatch seeing an odd pattern. Helga remembers a loaf of bread floating in the boat. Arvo remembers lights as they neared Sweden.Their father’s pocket watch.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Andres Männik10 years old. Andres remembers standing at the back of the big boat seeing the Estonian coastline grow smaller and smaller. He wondered if he’d be able to jump in and swim back.A Swedish-made enamel dish that Andres’ mother packed.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Reet Lambur7 years old. Reet remembers realizing that the chicken meat her mother had just handed out was her beloved chickens Tikka and Tibi. Both Reet and her sister Viiu refused to eat.A dress that Reet’s mother made her when she was 3 years old.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Helgi Sooaru & Helju Salumets 13 & 19 years old. Helgi remembers looking at the trees and grass, thinking that she would never come back. Helju recalls all but doesn’t want to - it hurts too much. Helju in traditional costume in Pärnu before they left.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Imbi Truumees12 years old. Imbi slept next to a huge pipe that kept her warm. In the night she rolled over and burnt her arm on the pipe. She still has a scar.The last photograph taken of Imbi and her half-brother before she left him in Estonia.

© Maria Spann - Image from the Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora photography project
i

Karin Pessa12 years old. Karin remembers feeling like she was the only person on the boat not crying. She was excited to finally be traveling – they would be back in three months anyway.A cooking pot the family brought with them.

Children of the 1944 Estonian diaspora by Maria Spann

Prev Next Close