TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?)

The generation of Armenians to which I belong—born in France, grandchildren of survivors of the 1915 genocide—has established two extreme poles based on its heritage: adoration and rejection. Though opposites, these two reactions are similarly passionate and inspired by fantasy and pain. Belonging to the Armenian diaspora means carrying the weight of the past, made heavier by the Turkish government’s failure to recognize the Armenian genocide. This prevents the whole community from mourning and turning the page.

In the course of my trips between Armenia and France, and during my conversations, I have noticed fears that recur, frustrations or desires that are common among the young people with whom I have spoken and begun to share my questions:

How do we represent our individual and collective identity?

If Turkey could bring itself to recognize the 1915 genocide, would that drastically change our relationship with our history and memory? Is the notion of trauma hereditary?

With the resumption of war in September 2020, can we envisage a future without historical recurrence and imagine our identity without fear of persecution?

How much fantasy and fiction is there in stories recounted from generation to generation and distorted over time, and how does one break out of the self-representations with which our community shackles us? And beyond the Armenia-Turkey case, does this research echo other recent or old diasporas on the European continent, which include many individuals from a wide variety of backgrounds? How can one’s own story be connected with other stories? How can they be inter-recounted to create a common, communicable work in which others could recognize themselves?

Taking as a point of departure the genealogical tree as crumbly map, my aim is to reinvent family history in a speculative narrative. The notion of individual mythology makes it possible to articulate this new kind of album, which has a fluid form.

Through the prism of the maternal link, which makes possible the journey from these origins into my family history, I examine the epigenetic imagination in the transmission of trauma, and seek to establish or dismiss constants in cultural transmission patterns within the family. Whether casual reductionism, or real intergenerational traumatic marking, I question genealogical transmission, taking a distinctly sociological approach in my way of angling my research, and in the form my works assume.

Wishing to develop a practice I have already initiated, revolving around memory representation, the diaspora, and the transmission of these stories, I am presenting this protean research into the notion of identity (or identities) for immigrant descendants.

Using archives, studio photography, and the reconstruction of friends’ stories, I seek to free myself from the traditional documentary use of photography. Instead of capturing truth, I view the use of photography as the construction of personal narratives made of evocative images. Emphasizing eyes (or their absence), I place vision, perception and perspective at the center my story. Closed, they reveal another point of view on the shared story, now made up of reminiscences and fantasy.

Reality always being more complex than its representation, here I sketch the beginnings of an approximate scenery, made up of memories and dreams, in which experiences other than my own confront each other, contradicting or reaffirming each other, and attempt to understand whether it is our history that defines us, or we who define it.

Going back and forth between past and present, reality and fiction, I strive to represent the plural identity of children of the diaspora, who carry within themselves a memory made up of constantly negotiated images.

‘Tsavt Tanem’ is a popular expression in Armenia that literally translates as “I take away your pain”. It is commonly used in various contexts to indicate understanding or empathy.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Anthony', Ivry-sur-seine, France. 2019 Triptych of portraits of Anthony (French of Armenian descent) as an analogy for the temporality of inherited trauma. Past and future have closed eyes to convey taboo and then closure, present has open eyes to convey confrontation and awareness. This temporality is quite symptomatic of the different generations within a family, especially the ones who had to migrate.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Garni', Garni, Armenia. 2019 Typical landscape from Armenia, shot in color and with flash to change the narrative usually used to present Armenia. The artificial quality of the flash allows to play with the idea of fantasy, pervasive in the representation of the "motherland" who is often idealized, and inaccurate

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Blindness', Noratuz, Armenia. 2019 / 'Untitled', Geghard, Armenia. 2019 Flash reflection on a tombstone in the cemetery of Noratuz. Inside the monastery of Geghard.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Family archive Sireli baboin, ir sirox toric Nuneic To my beloved grandma, from her granddaughter Nune Grandmothers are an extremely important figure in my family for as long as we can remember and men are very absent from this family tree. Alike all families of refugees, photographs are absolute relics as they carry the trace of the life of "before", and on their back often lies crucial information about the person represented or where they lived at the time

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Baba as a child', 2021 close up from a family archive. Baba stands for Babushka (grandmother) in Russian. This picture of my grandmother was taken around the time they had to flee the 1915 genocide. / A close up on a medieval drawing of a portrait of an Armenian apostle. We all share the same eyes shape in the family, a shape I only find in old family photos and ancient religious drawings from Armenia

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Zvarnoc, Armenia. 2019 / Archive from a vintage tourism brochure from the soviet union. Each time I am in Armenia I try to gather new images of places I initially found through books, hence creating a sort of new visual archeology and creating a discussion between archive material and my own

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Family documents with the handwriting of my grandmother. She recorded information about the various family members such as birth dates and location, religion, adresses or profession. This was handed down to my mother who only recently shared it with us

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Madonnas and Mothers', 2021 Ancient drawing found in Armenian history books / Family archive; my great grand-mother, my grand-mother, and my mother

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'The pit', Khor Virap, Armenia. 2019 / Mother Armenia, archive material The pit of Khor Virap is a very specific site for Christians across the world as it is linked to the Legend of Tiridates’ Conversion: Saint Gregory was kept in the pit of Khor Virap for 13 years without being provided with food and water. The king, meanwhile, had become very sick, with an illness that made him act primitively, like a boar. One day, his sister, Khosrovidukht, had a vision. In this vision, she saw that her brother could be cured of his sickness, but only by one person: Gregory. He was then temporarily let out of his prison pit, so that he could try to cure the king, as seen in Khosrovidukht’s vision. Nobody believed that he would be alive, because they did not feed him when he was in the pit. The fact that he survived was like a miracle. He successfully cured the king, making the king ever grateful to him, and to his god. Tiridates was then converted to Christianity, healed by Saint Gregory, and thus decided to quit persecuting Christians and instead adopt the religion. Armenia then became the first country in history to adopt Christianity.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Migrations' Areni, Armenia. 2019 / 'Eleonore' Yerevan, Armenia. 2019 Diptych. Birds are an obvious choice to speak about migrations and community. Here the flock of birds seemingly creates a whole although birds appear to be flying in opposite directions and operate on their own.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Archive from a book of Armenian medieval drawings depicting a version of an engraved image above one entrance of Dadivank monastery / Etchmiadzin, Armenia. 2019 My work often approaches the notion of displacement and addresses the topic of cultural genocide, preservation of cultural heritage and materiality -or immateriality- of things carried with us when we are forced to migrate. In 2020, during a new chapter of the war in Nagorno Karabagh (a region between Armenia and Azerbadjan, often -and currently- targeted by Azerbaidjan who claim ownership of its territory) the monastery of Dadivank ends up in the end of Azerbaidjani soldiers. This medieval monastery from the region of Shahumyan is founded in 1214 by princess Arzu Khatun to honor her sons, lost to the war. The latter are represented carrying a church. This type of illustration was later found in other monastery across Armenia. With the loss of places of worship (and other types of cultural places and architectural heritage) cultural genocide have always been used on Armenian territory and greatly endanger its cultural heritage. Churches are either destroyed or converted in a desire to eradicate the trace of its former owners and users. This little church roof in red wood, itself sitting in the nook of a much larger church represents for me the transposition of us in others, and new backgrounds. How does one fit in a new setting when one arrives in a whole new society with different codes, culture, language and history? With this simple question are opened a lot of topics on immigration, pressure of integration and assimilation that are too often weighing on displaced communities, and often through religious beliefs differences. Instead of a church, one could choose to see a home, carried away, transposed, saved from destruction to exist somewhere else.

© Camille Lévêque - 'Broken promises', Armenia, 2019 / 'Dreams from Yerevan', Ivry-sur-seine, Armenia. 2019
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'Broken promises', Armenia, 2019 / 'Dreams from Yerevan', Ivry-sur-seine, Armenia. 2019

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'A door leading to nowhere', Etchmiadzine, Armenia, 2019 / Armenian landscape, archive material from a vintage tourism brochure from the soviet union.

© Camille Lévêque - Family documents, 'Laissez-passer" (pass) to France as political refugees
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Family documents, 'Laissez-passer" (pass) to France as political refugees

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Archive material, collected during my studies on traditional costumes / 'Eva', Ivry-sur-seine, France. 2019 The protocole I followed for the series of portraits I shot in my studio was to gather various elements I would find on site (so at my workspace) and create costumes that would evoke traditional Armenian costumes with absolutely no intent of creating faithful or accurate replicas. On the contrary, the idea would be to experiment with the idea of creating for oneself a visual identity while breaking the codes of representation imposed by the community. Following the logic of traditional costumes and their significance (indication on the region, marital statut, social status, etc..) the random elements brought together tell the story of an identity made out of bits of stories, not always fitting together of making sense. Presenting a model that is completely outside the beauty standards for Armenian women also has its importance. Eva is heavily pierced and tattooed, with apparent body hair, elements very frowned upon within the Armenian community. The pomegranate on her head represents the delicate balance between both cultures and identities and the care we need to navigate from one to the other.

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Women of the family, 2021 Family photos of five generations of women from my family, each photographed with their daughter and grand daughter, from my great grandmother to my daughter / ID pictures from my grand mother, her mother and grand mother and drawing studies for female portraits found in an ancient Armenian book

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'Tsavt Tanem', Armenian medieval illustration depicting a healer helping out a wounded begger / Ex Voto, Noravank monastery, Armenia, 2019

© Camille Lévêque - Personal archive
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Personal archive

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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Archive material, close up on the damaged wall of an abandoned Armenian church, now in Turkish territory / Etchmiadzine, Armenia, 2019 A rock, almost looking like an egg in a nest, put under an arch near the graves of the apostles of Saint Gayané

© Camille Lévêque - Image from the TSAVT TANEM (If you take away our pain, what is left of us?) photography project
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'I see you', Yerevan, Armenia. 2019 The current events in the south caucasus region are a grim reminder of the fragility of peace in this part of the world and extremely anxiety inducing for Armenians and their diaspora. The strong presence of eyes in my work, their representation or their absence adresses not only the fact that our community will not longer lower their eyes in front of the aggressor but also the fact that we see very clearly the absence of international media coverage and the total lack of interest for the alarming situation, especially in a context of energetic crisis, when Azerbaïdjan has so much to offer in exchange of global indifference.

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